BASIC AIKIDŌ DEFENSES

Basic Pinning Techniques: katame waza 固め技 or osae waza 押え技

• (dai-)ikkyō (ude osae) （第）一教（腕押え） = First teaching (arm pin)
• (dai)-nikyō (kote mawashi) （第）二教（小手回し） = Second teaching (wrist in-turn)
• dai-sankyō (kote hineri) （第）第三教（小手捻り） = Third teaching (wrist twist)
• dai-yonkyō (tekubi osae) （第）第四教（手首押え） = Fourth teaching (wrist pin)
• dai-gokyō (ude nobashi) （第）第五教（腕伸ばし） = Fifth teaching (arm stretch) [usually for tantō-tori]
• kote gaeshi 小手返し Wrist out-turn
• ude hishigi 腕拉ぎ = hiji shime 肘締 = Arm smashing or Elbow lock

Basic Throwing Techniques: nage waza 投げ技

• shihō nage 四方投げ = Four-directions throw
• kokyū nage 呼吸投げ = Breath throws [i.e., timing throws] [Kokyū nage constitutes a broad class of throws, including for example: various pivot throws, ashi o sukutte 足を掬って (leg-tripping), and ago ni te 顎に手 (hand-to-jaw).]
• irimi nage 入身投げ = Entering throw [i.e., "20-year technique"]
• kaiten nage 回転投げ = Rotary throw
• koshi nage 腰投げ = Hip throws [Koshi nage includes such variations as kote hineri koshi nage 小手捻り腰投げ (wrist twist hip throw) and hiji garami koshi nage 肘絡み腰投げ (elbow entwinement hip throw).]
• tenchi nage 天地投げ = Heaven-Earth throw
• kubi nage 首投げ = Neck throw
• ude garami 腕絡み = Arm entanglement
• jūji garami 十字絡み = jūji nage 十字投げ = ayadori 綾取り = Cross-shaped entanglement throw
• sumi otoshi 隅落とし = Corner drop
• aiki otoshi 合氣落とし = Harmonious-energy drop [i.e., leg sweep with hands]
• ganseki otoshi 岩石落とし = Boulder drop
• sudōri 素通り = Passing-by-without-calling

(version 2013-10-14-a)